ZIKA VIRUS is a disease caused by mosquitoes that bite during day time. ZIKA VIRUS is initially identified in Uganda in 1947 in monkeys. It is a mosquito-borne-disease called flavivirus. After that, it was recognized in humans in 1952 in Uganda. A major epidemic of ZIKA VIRUS has occurred in Africa, the Americas, Asia, and the Pacific. The first outbreak recorded at the Island of Yap in 2007. French Polynesia then follows it in 2013, 2015, in Brazil.  Nearly 86 countries were affected by ZIKA VIRUS

Sign and Symptoms:

• The period of incubation for ZIKA VIRUS takes 3-14 days. 
• A large number of people do have any symptoms.
• The symptoms start with mild, including fever, skin complaint, pink eye, muscle, and joint ache, depression, and headache, and generally stay for 2–7 days.

Complications of ZIKA virus disease:

• For pregnant ladies, the ZIKA virus causes microcephaly and further innate abnormalities in the developing fetus and newborn.
• It also affects them with dangerous complaints like fetal loss, stillbirth, and preterm birth.  
• It may cause Guillain-Barré syndrome, nerve damage, and spine problem, mainly in adults and children.
• The experts are developing to reduce the effects of the ZIKA virus against children and pregnancy outcome.

Transmission: 

• The bite of an infected mosquito can transmit the ZIKA virus, mainly the Aedes genus, Aedes aegypti, in the tropical region.
• These mosquitoes usually bite in day time only.
• These are the dame mosquito that spread other viral diseases like dengue, Chikungunya, and yellow fever.
• Zika virus can be spread from mother to fetus also by sexual contact, transfer of blood, and organ transplantation.

Diagnosis:

• We can Diagnosis the Zika virus only based on the symptoms of the person.
• Generally, the Diagnosis of the ZIKA virus confirmed by a laboratory blood test or urine or semen test.

Treatment:

• Till now, there is no specific treatment available for the ZIKA virus.
• The symptoms of the ZIKA virus are not very severe. It will have fever, itchiness, should be rest, should drink more water and juices, and should provide treatment for fever and pain with generic medicines.
• If you have a severe stage of infection, then you should get immediate advice from a doctor.

Prevention:

Prevention from Mosquito bite:

• The primary protection from the ZIKA virus is to get protected from a mosquito bite.
• Should provide proper clothing that covers the full body and keep the doors and windows closed and apply mosquito repellent on the skin to prevent biting.
• Children and pregnant ladies must sleep undernet in the day and evening time.
• Travelers near the pandemic area should follow the above mentioned preventive measures to keep self-protected. 
• Another vital thing to do is prevent mosquito breeding like covering the water storage places and cleaning the standing water area. Regular cleaning of wastes and trash.
• The government should take necessary action to stop mosquito breeding in the pandemic area to prevent the spread.

Transmission in pregnancy: 

The severe effects in pregnant ladies result in loss of fetus and miscarriage and affect the infant-like smaller the standard head size that is known as ZIKA syndrome.

• It may cause loss of brain development in children, and it may lead to brain damage.
• It also may cause other malformation, hearing, and site problems.
• The infection at the time of pregnancy remains unknown.
• Nearly 5-15% of children born with ZIKA infection as they are affected by the ZIKA virus during pregnancy.
• They have malformation, both pregnant ladies with or without symptoms.

Sexual Transmission:   

• ZIKA virus can be transmitted through sexual intercourse also.
• This is mainly because of the connection between ZIKA virus infection and poor pregnancy and fetal outcomes.
• WHO will recommend providing proper education for both men and women about the disease.
• Women who have had unprotected sex should need to consult the doctor immediately.
• The region with no ZIKA virus disease, which will recommend safer sex to prevent themselves from the disease.